Citrus bioflavonoid often seen in products claiming to banish dark undereye circles. There is research supporting its internal use as an aid to venous (vein) problems. One study documented that it lowers the filtration rate of capillaries, and less blood flowing though capillaries close to the surface of the skin potentially means that less hemoglobin would be oxygenated to cause the dark bluish discoloration under the eyes. However, there is no substantiated research proving that it will have this effect when this ingredient is applied topically. Another study detailed this ingredient’s use when combined with the root of the Ruscus aculeatus plant and vitamin C, but again it was about oral consumption for alleviating symptoms of varicose veins and helping prevent them from becoming a chronic disease (Source: International Angiology, September 2003, pages 250–262). It is clear from published research that hesperidin methyl chalcone does have various benefits for the body, but diminishing severe dark circles via topical application is not one of them (Source: www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/hes_0295.shtml).